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ÃÈËÜÁÅÐÒÎÂÎ ÏÐÎÑÒÐÀÍÑÒÂÎ
ÃÈËÜÁÅÐÒÎÂÎ ÏÐÎÑÒÐÀÍÑÒÂÎ — îáîáùåíèå n-ìåðíîãî åâêëèäîâà ïðîñòðàíñòâà íà áåñêîíå÷íîìåðíûé ñëó÷àé. Ýëåìåíòîì (âåêòîðîì) Ã. ï. ÿâëÿåòñÿ ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíîñòü ÷èñåë òàêàÿ, ÷òî ðÿä ñõîäèòñÿ. Îáû÷íûì îáðàçîì îïðåäåëÿåòñÿ ñëîæåíèå âåêòîðîâ è óìíîæåíèå âåêòîðà íà ÷èñëî. Ñêàëÿðíîå ïðîèçâåäåíèå äâóõ âåêòîðîâ è ðàâíî ïî îïðåäåëåíèþ
(*)
ïðè÷åì ýòîò ðÿä âñåãäà ñõîäèòñÿ, åñëè ñõîäÿòñÿ ðÿäû , Ã. ï. ìîæíî èíòåðïðåòèðîâàòü êàê ïðîñòðàíñòâî èíòåãðèðóåìûõ ñ êâàäðàòîì ôóíêöèé. Èìåííî, åñëè êàæäîé òàêîé ôóíêöèè, çàäàííîé, ñêàæåì, íà îòðåçêå , ïîñòàâèòü â ñîîòâåòñòâèå ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíîñòü åå êîýôôèöèåíòîâ Ôóðüå ïî çàäàííîé îðòîíîðìèðîâàííîé ïîëíîé ñèñòåìå ôóíêöèé, òî ñêàëÿðíîå ïðîèçâåäåíèå ôóíêöèé è
â òåðìèíàõ ýòèõ êîýôôèöèåíòîâ çàïèøåòñÿ â âèäå (*).  ýòîé èíòåðïðåòàöèè äâå ðàçëè÷íûå ôóíêöèè ñ îäèíàêîâûìè êîýôôèöèåíòàìè Ôóðüå çàäàþò îäèí ýëåìåíò. Ñóùåñòâóþò òàêæå è äðóãèå ìîäåëè Ã. ï. Íàèáîëåå îáùåå îïðåäåëåíèå Ã. ï. òàêîâî — ýòî ïîëíîå âåêòîðíîå ïðîñòðàíñòâî ñî ñêàëÿðíûì ïðîèçâåäåíèåì. Èç ñâîéñòâ Ã. ï. âåñüìà âàæíûì ÿâëÿåòñÿ ïîëíîòà (ñì. Ïîëíîå ïðîñòðàíñòâî) â ñìûñëå íîðìû, îïðåäåëÿåìîé ñêàëÿðíûì ïðîèçâåäåíèåì (*):
.
Ã. ï. ðàññìàòðèâàëîñü âïåðâûå â ðàáîòàõ íåìåöêîãî ìàòåìàòèêà Ä. Ãèëüáåðòà. Ïîíÿòèå Ã. ï. âñòðå÷àåòñÿ âî ìíîãèõ îòäåëàõ ìàòåìàòèêè: â ôóíêöèîíàëüíîì àíàëèçå, òåîðèè âåðîÿòíîñòåé, èíòåãðàëüíûõ óðàâíåíèÿõ è äð.
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